• Chronic Total Occlusion (CTO) Angioplasty
  For arteries that have been completely blocked for over 3 months.
• Rotational Atherectomy (Rotablation)
  A device is used to break down calcified plaque in hardened arteries.
• Bifurcation Lesion Angioplasty
  Treats blockages at points where one artery branches into two.
• Left Main Coronary Artery Angioplasty
  Involves the critical artery supplying blood to a large portion of the heart.
• Multi-Vessel Angioplasty
  Addresses blockages in more than one coronary artery.

Treatments Involved

• Balloon Angioplasty: A small balloon is inflated to open the artery.
• Stent Placement: A mesh-like tube is placed to keep the artery open.
• Use of Imaging Tools: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) to guide treatment.
• Drug-Eluting Stents (DES): Coated stents that release medication to prevent re-narrowing.
• Advanced Support Devices: For high-risk patients, devices like Impella or IABP may be used.

Causes of Coronary Artery Blockage

These tests are commonly recommended for:

• Atherosclerosis (buildup of plaque in artery walls)
• High blood pressure
• High cholesterol
• Smoking
• Diabetes
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Obesity
• Family history of heart disease

Symptoms

• Chest pain or discomfort (angina)
• Shortness of breath
• Fatigue, especially with exertion
• Dizziness or fainting
• Palpitations
• Heart attack in severe cases

Prevention

• Healthy Diet: Low in saturated fat, salt, and sugar
• Regular Exercise: At least 30 minutes most days of the week
• Quit Smoking: Avoid tobacco in all forms
• Manage Stress: Practice relaxation and mindfulness
• Regular Health Checkups: Monitor blood pressure, sugar, and cholesterol
• Medications: As prescribed for existing conditions like hypertension or diabetes